部署环境准备

主机配置

所有主机都需要配置

必备软件安装

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mkdir bak
mv CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-CR.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Media.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo bak/
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install -y wget 
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum install tree nmap dos2unix lrzsz nc lsof wget tcpdump htop iftop iotop sysstat nethogs -y
yum install psmisc net-tools bash-completion vim-enhanced -y

主机名配置

hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02

主机名与IP地址解析

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
100.100.137.200 master01
100.100.137.201 node01
100.100.137.202 node02
EOF

防火墙配置

systemctl stop firewalld 
systemctl disable  firewalld

SELINUX配置

setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#' /etc/selinux/config

时间同步配置

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
yum install -y ntpdate
ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

配置内核转发及网桥过滤

cat  >>  /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
EOF

modprobe br_netfilter
lsmod | grep br_netfilter
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

安装ipset及ipvsadm

yum -y install ipset ipvsadm
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
EOF

chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack

关闭SWAP分区

swapoff -a

安装containerd

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y containerd.io
mkdir /etc/containerd -p 
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
vim /etc/containerd/config.toml
SystemdCgroup = false 改为 SystemdCgroup = true
sandbox_image = "registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6" 改为 sandbox_image = "registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9"

systemctl enable containerd
systemctl start containerd
systemctl status  containerd

kubernetes 1.27.0 集群部署

配置yum 源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

yum install -y kubectl-1.27.0-0 kubelet-1.27.0-0 kubeadm-1.27.0-0

vim /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd"

设置kubelet为开机自启动即可，由于没有生成配置文件，集群初始化后自动启动
systemctl enable kubelet

准备k8s1.27.0 所需要的镜像

kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=v1.27.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.27.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.27.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.27.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.27.0
registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9
registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.7-0
registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.10.1


国内拉不下来只能翻墙拉下下传输到服务器上

集群初始化

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.27.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.224.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=100.100.137.200
unpacking registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.27.0 (sha256:89b8d9dbef2b905b7d028ca8b7f79d35ebd9baa66b0a3ee2ddd4f3e0e2804b45)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.27.0 (sha256:ddcd5cd96a3fbb109515a303c93cd245568311febc649a86c66caa4f05202aa7)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.27.0 (sha256:939d0c6675c373639f53f05d61b5035172f95afb47ecffee6baf4e3d70543b66)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.27.0 (sha256:a08d09f394e20e78ad47b0060797652865f9f01eb5ee04b07b6526a66d0df7df)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/pause:3.9 (sha256:7031c1b283388d2c2e09b57badb803c05ebed362dc88d84b480cc47f72a21097)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.7-0 (sha256:51eae8381dcb1078289fa7b4f3df2630cdc18d09fb56f8e56b41c40e191d6c83)...done
unpacking registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.10.1 (sha256:a0ead06651cf580044aeb0a0feba63591858fb2e43ade8c9dea45a6a89ae7e5e)...done
[root@master01 ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.27.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.224.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=100.100.137.200
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.27.0
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
W0501 19:22:01.370981   17390 images.go:80] could not find officially supported version of etcd for Kubernetes v1.27.0, falling back to the nearest etcd version (3.5.7-0)
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local master01] and IPs [10.96.0.1 100.100.137.200]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master01] and IPs [100.100.137.200 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master01] and IPs [100.100.137.200 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
W0501 19:22:10.653715   17390 images.go:80] could not find officially supported version of etcd for Kubernetes v1.27.0, falling back to the nearest etcd version (3.5.7-0)
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 10.506256 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master01 as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: nnvnut.q6tk40fl736s5bou
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 100.100.137.200:6443 --token nnvnut.q6tk40fl736s5bou \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:9ecc804d1a9202831bcd450fa6339c82184e90d67e6c837cca5ad50d6cbb876f 
初始化失败需要仔细查报错


mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

添加node节点

kubeadm join 100.100.137.200:6443 --token nnvnut.q6tk40fl736s5bou \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:9ecc804d1a9202831bcd450fa6339c82184e90d67e6c837cca5ad50d6cbb876f

部署网络插件

wget https://docs.tigera.io/archive/v3.24/manifests/calico.yaml
vim calico.yaml
...
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
  value: "10.244.0.0/16"
...
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

验证

kubectl get  pod -A 
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-6849cf9bcf-bjq6x   1/1     Running   0          6m53s
kube-system   calico-node-9wtqg                          1/1     Running   0          6m53s
kube-system   calico-node-cxk4m                          1/1     Running   0          6m53s
kube-system   calico-node-m5lkp                          1/1     Running   0          6m53s
kube-system   coredns-5d78c9869d-cxrz2                   1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   coredns-5d78c9869d-gf4c5                   1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   etcd-master01                              1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-master01                    1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-master01           1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   kube-proxy-4jw64                           1/1     Running   0          11m
kube-system   kube-proxy-mvkgp                           1/1     Running   0          14m
kube-system   kube-proxy-xhmmb                           1/1     Running   0          8m45s
kube-system   kube-scheduler-master01                    1/1     Running   0          14m



kubectl get node 
NAME       STATUS   ROLES           AGE     VERSION
master01   Ready    control-plane   14m     v1.27.0
node01     Ready    <none>          11m     v1.27.0
node02     Ready    <none>          8m56s   v1.27.0

部署完成。